Egypt’s migration policies have long been shaped by political, economic, and demographic factors. Egypt has increasingly positioned itself as a key partner for the EU, while balancing its own priorities of alleviating unemployment and securing remittances. While historically the majority of Egyptian migrants continue to seek opportunities in Arab countries, in March 2022, the number of Egyptian nationals applying for asylum in EU+ countries reached its highest levels since at least 2014. This trend has continued, highlighting the rising demand for migration pathways into Europe. Moreover, Egypt’s role as a country of destination and transit in light of ongoing regional conflict continues to evolve. Nevertheless, the EU has recognized Egypt’s strategic role in regional stability and has tailored its cooperation to reduce irregular migration while promoting legal migration pathways, fostering joint development initiatives, and enhancing Egypt’s capacity to manage migration.
Jointly published by the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, the Hellenic Foundation for European & Foreign Policy ELIAMEP, the Issam Fares Institute for Public Policy and International Affairs and the PRIO Cyprus Centre.
