Greece, historically an emigrant-sending country, transitioned between 1990 and 2009 into a destination for economic migrants and a transit hub for asylum seekers. Since the early 2000s, irregular arrivals have increasingly included individuals from regions beyond Greece’s immediate neighbors, such as Bangladesh, Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, sub-Saharan Africa, and the Maghreb. Mixed migration, encompassing both economic migrants and asylum seekers, remains a defining feature of Greece’s maritime and land borders.
Jointly published by the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Hellenic Foundation for European & Foreign Policy ELIAMEP, the Issam Fares Institute for Public Policy and International Affairs and the PRIO Cyprus Centre.
