Nils Petter Gleditsch, Ragnhild Nordås, and Idean Salehyan have published a paper in The International Peace Academy (IPA) series of Working Papers within the programme Coping with Crisis, Conflict, and Change: The United Nations and Evolving Capacities for Managing Global Crises, a four-year research and policy-facilitation program designed to generate fresh thinking about global crises and capacities for effective prevention and response.