Submissions and enquiries

The Journal of Peace Research is in the process of transitioning to our new publisher, Oxford University Press. The transition will be completed in January 2026.

While we continue to accept submissions via the SageTrack manuscript submission system until the new submission site with Oxford University Press has been set up, our author guidelines (see below) have already been updated to reflect the new design and referencing style. After conditional acceptance, authors must make sure to revise the manuscript in accordance with the guidelines sent to them.

Submitting authors should consult the author guidelines below, with particular focus on our Editorial Policies and requirements for first submission. Please register all new submissions and resubmissions at SageTrack. In general, JPR does not provide pre-submission feedback on the suitability or quality of a manuscript.

Author guidelines

1. Preparing your manuscript

All manuscripts should be submitted via SageTrack. The Journal of Peace Research does not provide pre-submission feedback on the suitability or quality of a manuscript.

The system provides step-by step instructions on how to submit. If you have an account that you can no longer access or if you encounter difficulties with SageTrack, please contact the Editorial Office at jpr@prio.org.

Requirements for first submission

At first submission, we require the following:

1. Anonymous manuscript with author details only appearing on a separate title page. The manuscript should not contain any information about the authors or their institutions. References to ethics committee approval, funders, project names, or pre-prints should be fully anonymised and/or replaced with placeholders.
2. Submitted as an easily readable Word or PDF file with ample spacing (1.5 or double).
3. An abstract of 200-300 words.
4. Figures and tables need to be embedded in the manuscript. Tables must be supplied in an editable format (preferably Microsoft Word), and not embedded as an image.
5. References and in-text citations in any consistent author-date format.
6. A title page with institutional affiliation, contact information for the corresponding author, keywords, and any necessary declarations (see article types below).
7. Any supplemental information should be uploaded as a separate anonymous Online Appendix file.

If necessary, authors will be asked to make minor revisions (e.g. reduce the word count, provide tables in an editable format) before a manuscript is sent out for peer review. Authors are still required to follow article-specific guidance, based on the information in Section 3 (see below)!

At conditional acceptance, you will be asked to supply Word or LaTeX source files that match journal formatting and style requirements (see Sections 4 and 5 below) and provide separate tables and/or high-resolution figures. Authors will then also be asked to provide their complete replication materials and data.

Word limits

The word count includes the keywords, abstract, main manuscript, table and figure contents in the main manuscript, all in-text citations and references, footnotes/end notes, and back matter (data availability, funding, acknowledgements, conflict of interest, author contributions, declaration of AI usage). Supplementary material (e.g. online appendix or codebook) does not count towards the word limit. Manuscripts that have passed the desk review but are too long will be returned to the author(s) for shortening before being sent to reviewers. At initial submission, an excess of 10% is accepted.

• Regular Article: 11,000 words
• Research Note: 6,000 words
• Special Data Feature: 6,000 words

2. Editorial policies and content guidelines

1. Theoretical engagement 
   Manuscripts with a substantive focus should engage with relevant theoretical frameworks and contribute meaningfully to ongoing scholarly debates. We welcome a variety of theoretical approaches and substantive submissions should demonstrate a clear theoretical grounding and articulate how they build upon or challenge existing scholarship. Methodological papers need to very clearly express why and how they advance peace and conflict studies. If the work is conceptual in nature, extensive and accurate engagement with existing literature is mandatory and innovative insights must be advanced.
2. Methodological rigor and transparency  
   We encourage methodological diversity and welcome papers employing quantitative, as well as mixed and qualitative methods. Regardless of the method chosen, manuscripts should explain the research design and methodology clearly and thoroughly. Typically, this requires supplementary information to complement the main analysis. Empirical studies should provide sufficient detail on data collection and analysis to allow readers to assess the validity of the findings. Submissions relying solely on secondary sources or descriptive statistics without deeper analysis may not meet the journal's standards. Similarly, while advanced methods are welcome, they should be well-integrated into the paper’s broader scope and accessible to the journal's readership, which is mainly versed in Political Science, Economics, and Sociology. While we welcome methodological innovation, purely methodological research outside of the journal’s scope is unlikely to be sent out for review.
3. Relevance to peace and conflict studies  
   Manuscripts should directly engage with themes central to peace and conflict studies. We recognize that the field is broad and interdisciplinary, but submissions should demonstrate clear connections to debates, concepts, or challenges related to peace and conflict. Papers with overly narrow topics or those focusing on tangential issues, such as education, economic development, or peace-time governance, may be better suited for other outlets.
4. Structure and presentation  
   Manuscripts should clearly articulate their unique contribution to the field, by treating existing research as a point of departure. Papers that summarize events or offer descriptive accounts without connecting to broader theoretical or empirical debates are less likely to meet the journal's expectations. Submissions should be written clearly and cohesively, adhering to academic standards. The introduction should frame the research question, the body should develop the argument logically, and the conclusion should connect the findings to broader implications. Manuscripts that are too short to fully develop their argument, poorly written, or read like policy or journalistic texts are unlikely to be sent out for review.
5. Engaging with the journal’s audience  
   Consider the journal’s readership when preparing your manuscript. Papers should aim to engage a broad audience within the field, going beyond the specifics of a single case or context to draw out implications or lessons of wider relevance. While case studies are welcome, they should be framed in a way that speaks to generalizable or transferable insights and case selection should be clearly justified.
6. Ethics and professional standards  
   All submissions should adhere to high ethical standards. This includes transparency in data usage and usage of generative AI, replication data provision after conditional acceptance of the manuscript, proper anonymization where needed, acknowledgement of prior research and contributions, and many additional considerations when conducting experiments and field research. Authors are required to disclose any potential conflicts of interest, use of generative AI and to follow ethical guidelines in their research design and implementation. Editors and reviewers must not use generative AI to generate reviews or decision letters.

In general, JPR does not provide pre-submission feedback on the suitability or quality of a manuscript. Submitted manuscripts are initially read and evaluated by the Editorial Office. We aim to decide whether to send manuscripts for peer review within two weeks. For manuscripts sent to reviewers, we try to complete the evaluation process within three months. Revised manuscripts need to be resubmitted within three months of the decision. Authors who are unable to resubmit within this timeframe can email the managing editor (jpr@prio.org) for an extension.

JPR operates a double-blind peer review process in which the reviewer’s identity is withheld from the author and the author’s identity is withheld from the reviewer. Reviewers may at their own discretion opt to reveal their name to the author in their review, but our standard policy is for both identities to remain concealed. Manuscripts and supplementary information must be anonymized prior to submission.

Editors and reviewers must not handle manuscripts if they have a conflict of interest with an author or the content. Editors make every effort to avoid potential conflicts of interest in the assignment of other editors and peer reviewers. For more information, please see the section on Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest below. During the peer review phase, a manuscript is typically sent to three reviewers.

JPR does not accept double submissions, translations of articles, submissions of previously published work, or ‘data slicing’, i.e. articles that represent only marginal progress from the authors’ earlier work. We do not publish comments on previously published articles. Corrections are occasionally posted electronically on our data replication page. Please contact the Editorial Office at jpr@prio.org if you have a correction that you would like to post.

We do not invite revised versions of once rejected manuscripts. JPR is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics. The Journal of Peace Research and its publisher Sage take issues of plagiarism, AI misuse or other breaches of best practices in research very seriously.

Complaint and appeal policy

The Journal of Peace Research receives a large number of submissions. Many submissions are desk rejected and therefore not sent out for external review. JPR generally does not consider appeals for desk rejections and can reject before review for a wide variety of reasons (please see also Sage’s Complaints and Appeals procedure).

For manuscripts that have been rejected after peer review, authors can file appeals or procedural complaints about the handling of manuscripts. If an author wishes to formally appeal a decision to reject a manuscript after peer review, the author may do so by providing a 1–2-page writeup of the matter. This should include a point-by-point response to the reviewers’ and editor’s comments as well as a description of the specific irregularity alleged in the decision-making. Additionally, all relevant written communication between the author and JPR should be copied into a single pdf file. Complaints about the conduct of editors and/or peer reviewers as well as appeals for decisions should be sent to jpr@prio.org. To avoid conflicts of interest, the appeal/complaint will be passed on to the designated contact person, who is not part of the Editorial Committee or any regular JPR meetings. They will then review the information alongside the manuscript, the reviews, and the decision letter. Based on this investigation, the original decision can be upheld or overturned, with a written explanation.

Manuscript transfers

JPR has a transfer agreement with the American Political Science Review (APSR). We allow the transfer in of manuscripts that have been rejected with reviews by APSR, following the steps outlined here. We do not accept transfers from other journals and currently do not participate in a transfer of reviews from JPR to other journals (transfer out policy).

Screening for misconduct

Manuscripts will be screened using iThenticate to help detect publication misconduct including plagiarism and redundant publication.

Identity/activity detection

The Journal uses ScholarOne’s Unusual Activity Detection tool to build confidence in the identity of authors and reviewers.

3. Article types

The Journal publishes four different article types. For all article types, an excess of 10% of the word count is accepted at first submissions. The word count includes all of the following elements: abstract, keywords, footnotes/endnotes, all figure and table content, in-text citations and reference list, and back matter.

Regular article - max. word count: 11,000 words incl. all elements

Regular articles typically include a literature review, a theoretical framework, a discussion of the methodology and data, and an independent empirical analysis and discussion. Successful articles should engage in ongoing debates in the field and clearly state their contribution to the existing research literature. Before submitting, authors are encouraged to look at research articles previously published in the Journal of Peace Research at http://jpr.sagepub.com/.

Each submission should include:

• Biographical statement(s)
• Unstructured abstract—200–300 words
• Keywords— minimum of 2 and maximum of 6
• May include tables and figures
• Must include the following back matter sections:
  • Acknowledgements
  • Author contributions (with CRediT details; if applicable)
  • Conflicts of interest
  • Funding (if applicable)
  • Data availability
  • Declaration of AI usage (if applicable)
• References

Research note - max. word count: 6,000 words incl. all elements

Research notes are short (up to 6,000 words including all elements) and highly accessible, with a more specific aim than regular articles. For example, research notes may introduce new empirical assessments of established theoretical concepts or may concentrate on conceptual and theoretical propositions without introducing novel empirical evidence. Research notes may also offer original descriptive evidence of important trends, which challenge existing knowledge or provoke inquiries for future research.

Each submission should include:

• Biographical statement(s)
• Unstructured abstract—200–300 words
• Keywords— minimum of 2 and maximum of 6
• May include tables and figures
• Must include the following back matter sections:
  • Acknowledgements
  • Author contributions (with CRediT details; if applicable)
  • Conflicts of interest
  • Funding (if applicable)
  • Data availability
  • Declaration of AI usage (if applicable)
• References

Special data feature - max. word count: 11,000 words incl. all elements

Special data features introduce new datasets or significant revisions of existing ones. In addition to describing new datasets, special data features should show how the new data can make a genuine contribution to the study of conflict and peace, for instance by pointing to results that are significantly different from previously published work. We do not require the same level of theoretical sophistication and detailed empirical investigation as for regular research articles. Furthermore, we do not require that the dataset is submitted along with the article at first submission, but authors are welcome to do so, and may find that reviewers are able to provide better feedback if given access to the data. Authors must have copyright over the data they describe or can alternatively demonstrate that they abide by license agreements with data providers in the main draft or supplementary information.

Each submission should include:

• Biographical statement(s)
• Unstructured abstract—200–300 words
• Keywords— minimum of 2 and maximum of 6
• May include tables and figures
• Must include the following back matter sections:
  • Acknowledgements
  • Author contributions (with CRediT details; if applicable)
  • Conflicts of interest
  • Funding (if applicable)
  • Data availability
  • Declaration of AI usage (if applicable)
• References
  

State-of-the-Art Review essays

JPR is currently making changes to this article category. We will soon update this section with the latest information and requirements.

4. Style guide

References

Authors may format references in any readable author-date style at submission, but all references will be reformatted to the chosen journal style during editing. The list of references should be in alphabetical order of surnames and references by the same author(s) should be in chronological order.

Authors should check all references carefully, list them at the end of the main text, and ensure that all references are cited in the text. Authors are responsible for the accuracy of reference information and may be queried to provide any missing reference elements during proofing. For non-English references, please add an English translation of the title in brackets. After conditional acceptance, any references to preprints or working papers should be reviewed and updated to cite a peer-reviewed version, if one has been published.

The Journal follows the APA reference style with an author-date citation system. All commonly used reference managers have style templates for the APA reference style. Authors must check their references to ensure all the required information is included, even when using a reference manager to format their reference list.

Language

UK or US spelling should be used throughout, except in quotations and in references. Articles should be able to communicate clearly with an international audience. Since JPR is an international journal, authors should avoid ‘nationalistic’ language such as the use of ‘us’ for their own nation or group of nations and ‘them’ for others. We encourage gender-neutral language wherever possible.

After conditional acceptance, the manuscript should be referred to as ‘article’ instead of ‘paper’, ‘manuscript’, etc. After conditional acceptance, authors must make sure that the use of personal pronouns is correct. Articles with single authors should use ‘I’, ‘my’, etc., while articles by multiple co-authors should use ‘we’, ‘our’, etc.

Authors may also use AI tools to assist in the writing process to improve language, grammar or structure. This does not require disclosure by authors, but authors are responsible for ensuring that their submission is accurate. Please note that this is different from using generative AI to generate content such as e.g. writing an abstract, drafting the literature review, summarising the findings or writing code. Use of generative AI must be disclosed at first submission.

Abbreviations

Please ensure abbreviations are defined at first occurrence, and avoid them, wherever possible, in the title and abstract. Any abbreviations or acronyms should be explained the first time they occur.

Tables

Tables should present new information rather than duplicating what is in the text. Readers should be able to interpret the table without reference to the text.

Authors must number all tables (e.g., Table 1, Table 2, Table 3) and must mention them within the text in chronological order. Tables must be supplied in an editable format (preferably Microsoft Word), and not embedded as an image or as a spreadsheet file. All tables should include a caption or title explaining the contents. Authors should place tables within the main text close to where they are first referenced. Do not use colour and shading (which cannot be replicated in the online version for accessibility reasons) or spacing/tabbed spacing to indicate alignment. Ensure that any formatting, symbols, or abbreviations are explained in the table footnote, even if previously defined in the main text. Provide units in column or row headers, rather than in the table body, unless the row/column features mixed units.

Statistical significance

We generally discourage the reporting of statistical significance at the 10% level. However, if you do wish to retain 10% significance levels, please provide an explanation, and use a dagger (‘†’) to signify 10% statistical significance. Use asterisks (*) for the other significance levels (i.e., † p<0.10, * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001). Please explain the significance levels in the note below regression tables, and include a note if one-tailed tests are used. It is standard to list all significance levels below the table, even if not all thresholds have been surpassed.

Figures

All figures and their captions should be embedded in the text in the correct numerical order to facilitate reviewing. Figures should be of high enough quality with sufficiently large text so editors, reviewers and future readers can easily read and understand the figure content.

At a later stage, you will be required to submit figures as individual files. Figures should then be submitted in one of the following file formats: .jpeg, .jpg, .png, .tiff, .pdf, or .eps (see specifics below). Images prepared as .bmp, .gif, or .doc/.docx files will not be accepted. Please see Making High-Resolution Graphics for Academic Publishing for a guide on how to create high-resolution figures with R or Stata.

Figure files should be clearly named to match their citation in the manuscript, e.g. fig1.tiff, fig2.eps. When sizing your images, please consider the overall page dimensions and layout and the final reduction necessary for publication. Final dimensions for figure files: single-column width: 85.8mm, double-column width: 178mm, and height/depth: 242mm.

Figure titles, legends and captions should be included within the manuscript file, not in the image files. Captions should include definitions of all symbols and abbreviations used in figures. Common abbreviations, or those that have been defined in the text, need not be redefined in the figure legend. Raster images, such as photographs, paintings, or scans, can be provided as .tiff (preferred), .jpg, or .png files. This type of image should not include lettering. Resolution is measured by the number of dots or pixels per inch, referred to as dpi or ppi.

• Minimum resolution required for colour half-tones: 300dpi
• Minimum resolution for grayscale half-tones: 600dpi
• Minimum resolution for combination half-tones and line art: 600-900dpi
• Minimum resolution for monochrome line art (complex or finely drawn): 1200dpi

Images of maps, charts, graphs, shapes, and diagrams are best rendered digitally as geometric forms called vector graphics. Vector images can be provided as .eps, or .pdf, files; all fonts should be embedded. Multi-panel figures should include all panels in a single figure file. Each panel should be labelled with a letter (A, B, C, D, etc.) in the upper-left corner of each panel. Labels should show up clearly against the background. The captions should be sufficiently detailed to comprehend each panel without extensive reliance on the main text.

All figure axes must be labelled, including units where applicable. Any lettering should be at least 2mm in height in the final figure (after any resizing) and should be in proportion to the overall dimensions of the drawing. Line weight should not be less than 0.3pt at final size and solid lines are preferable.  If any figure contains a map, the figure caption should include the source of the map or describe how the map was generated, and the text should include any geopolitical considerations. Please ensure you have permission to re-use or adapt any third-party image materials. Figures not meeting these requirements may result in papers being sent back for further work.

Models and equations

When referring to specific models, equations, figures, and tables, the first letter should be capitalized, e.g. ‘In Model 2’ or ‘Table 1 shows’ but ‘The first models included…’. Equations should be included within the main text and numbered in sequence throughout the text, with the numbering continuing through the appendices. If the equation is likely to run over one line, please indicate suitable places to ‘break’ the equation. Equations should not appear in footnotes.

Numbers and percentages

Numbers up to and including nine are spelled out and higher numbers use numerals (e.g. four, seven, nine, 10, 14, 85...) Numbers from 1,000 and above should be comma separated by the 1000s. The use of decimals in tables (and in the text) should be consistent. The use of a maximum of three decimals is encouraged. For numbers between 1 and -1, the use of zero before decimal marks should be consistent in the text, tables and figures, i.e. either ‘0.003’ or ‘.003’. The % sign is used rather than the word ‘percent’ (0.3%, 3%, 30%).

Notes

Notes should be used only where substantive information is conveyed to the reader. JPR uses the APA reference style, which is an in-text author-date style. Notes should therefore not be mere literature references. Notes will be formatted as footnotes in the final published articles, but they may be either endnotes or footnotes in earlier versions. Notes are numbered with Arabic numerals, and they are included in the word count.

LaTex and Overleaf

At first submission, authors working in LaTex/Overleaf should only submit the compiled pdf of their manuscript. After conditional acceptance, authors will then be asked to upload the final pdf along with the .tex, .cls, .sty, .log, and .bbl files as well as with any figures included in the manuscript. Overleaf is a free, collaborative online LaTeX editor that allows you to write your manuscript in a TeX or rich text environment, to generate PDF outputs as you write, and to share your manuscript with co-authors and collaborators. For authors preparing their manuscripts using LaTeX, Overleaf RASTI LaTeX class files are available, which simulate the appearance of the journal page. Authors are encouraged to use these files, although papers prepared using other class files can also be accepted. More information on LaTeX files and formatting is available here.

5. Further information on key sections

Cover letter

Authors may include a cover letter with their submission. This letter represents an opportunity to explain the value of the work to the Editors and to elaborate on any of the sections listed below, beyond what is captured by the questions in ScholarOne, if necessary.

The cover letter can include:

• Acknowledgments section
• Author contributions section (with CRediT information; if applicable)
• Conflicts of Interest section
• Funding information section (if applicable)
• Data availability section
• Declaration of AI usage (if applicable)

Title page

To facilitate double-anonymous peer review, the title page should be submitted separately from the rest of the manuscript. The title page is the only document that should reveal the identity of the authors.

The full title page should include:

• The title of the paper, avoiding abbreviations
• All full author names, and affiliation addresses
  • Full affiliation address elements include: Division/Department, Institution/Organization
• Contact information of one corresponding author

The title page may further include statements relating to ethical or integrity policies, which may include the data availability statement, declaration of conflicts of interest, funding information, ethical approval statement, declaration of the use of generative AI, acknowledgements and information on author contributions.

Abstract

All article types require a text abstract. Text abstracts must be written in English and should be designed to summarise the essential features of the paper in a logical and concise sequence. The abstract should be included within the main manuscript file.

Abstracts should be unstructured, between 200 and 300 words, should briefly outline the findings that are being presented, and must not contain reference citations or abbreviations.

Keywords

Keywords, categorizing the article, should be added to aid discoverability as these will assist indexers in cross-indexing the article and may be published with the article. Authors can choose their own keywords but should avoid repeating words from the article title. Authors should supply at least 2, but maximum 6 keywords.

In the published article, keywords will be ordered as supplied by the author.

Acknowledgements

Authors of all article types are encouraged to submit an “Acknowledgements” section, which should be set as a single paragraph, clearly marked with a separate heading, and included on the title page.  Author names within this section should be given as closed initials with dots (C.J.D.). Do not include study funding or conflicts of interest/disclosure information within this section, as that information should instead be included within the Funding or Conflicts of interest sections.

Acknowledgements may consist of: a list of participants, investigators, or study groups within a group study; mention of previous presentations of the material; preprint information; additional contributions or thanks; contributions to the paper that do not qualify for authorship; deceased author details; and/or miscellaneous acknowledgements.

Acknowledgements can include any equal contribution information for the authors and/or thanks to individuals for assistance with the work. Please list in the following order: any thanks to colleagues who assisted in the study; any special contribution circumstances, such as “The authors contributed equally to the study.”; and then any thanks for personal assistance, such as manuscript preparation.

Author contributions/CRediT statement

Authorship

Authorship is limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the design and execution of the work described. Any contributors whose participation does not meet the criteria for authorship should be acknowledged but not listed as an author. For a detailed definition of authorship, please see the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) definitions of authors and contributors. The Journal does not allow ghost authorship, where an unnamed author prepares the article with no credit, or guest/gift authorship, where an author who made little or no contribution is listed as an author. The Journal follows Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidance on ghost, guest, or gift authorship. Natural language processing tools driven by artificial intelligence (AI) do not qualify as authors, and the Journal will screen for them in author lists. The use of AI (for example, to help generate content or images, write code, process data, or for translation) should be disclosed both in cover letters to editors and in the Methods or Acknowledgements section of manuscripts. Please see the COPE position statement on Authorship and AI for more details.

CRediT

The Journal uses the contributor roles taxonomy (CRediT), which allows authors to describe the contributor roles in a standardized, transparent, and accurate way. Authors should choose from the contributor roles outlined on the CRediT website and supply this information upon submission. You may choose multiple contributor roles per author. Any other individuals who do not meet authorship criteria and made less substantive contributions should be listed in your manuscript as non-author contributors with their contributions clearly described. Following manuscript submission, any changes to contributor roles require the approval of the editor.

Conflict of interest

Authors of all article types are required to submit a “Conflicts of interest” section that is clearly marked with a separate heading and included on the title page (if applicable). The Journal requires all authors to disclose any potential conflict of interest at the point of submission. It is the responsibility of the corresponding author to ensure that conflicts of interest of all authors are declared to the Journal.

A conflict of interest exists when the position, activities, or relationships of an individual, whether direct or indirect, financial or non-financial, could influence or be seen to influence the opinions or activities of the individual.

For more information, please refer to this definition of conflicts of interest. When considering whether to declare a conflicting interest or connection we encourage authors to consider how they would answer the following question: Is there any arrangement that would embarrass you or any of your co-authors if it was to emerge after publication and you had not declared it?

The Journal follows the COPE guidance for any suspected undisclosed conflict of interest before and after publication. Any listed authors in this section should be identified using closed initials with dots (C.J.D.). If there are no conflicts of interest to disclose, the authors can still include the section and state “None declared.”

Editors and editorial board members

At initial submission, the corresponding author must declare if the Editor-in-Chief, an Associate/Deputy Editor, or an Editorial Committee Member of the Journal is an author of or contributor to the manuscript. Another editor without a conflict of interest will oversee the peer review and decision-making process. If accepted, a statement will be published in the paper describing how the manuscript was handled. The statement will read “[Author name] holds the position of [role] for the Journal of Peace Research and has not peer reviewed or made any editorial decisions for this paper."

Funding

Authors of all article types are required to submit a “Funding” section that is clearly marked with a separate heading and included on the title page (if applicable).

Authors must fully declare all funding information relevant to the study, including specific grant numbers. If the funder is listed in the Crossref Open Funder Registry, the funder name should be included exactly as it appears within that database. Where grants were received by specific members of the author group, the authors should be identified using closed initials with dots (C.J.D.). If no funding was received for the study, the authors can still include the section and state “None declared.”

Data availability statement

The inclusion of a data availability statement is a requirement for papers published in the Journal of Peace Research. Data availability statements provide a standardized format for readers to understand the availability of original and third-party data underlying the research results described in the paper. The statement should describe and provide means of access, where possible, by linking to the data or providing the required unique identifier. Please see below for exemplary statements. For concrete examples, please look at our recently published articles.

The Journal of Peace Research is committed to data sharing and scientific transparency and has signed onto the Data Access and Research Transparency (DA-RT) Joint Statement. After conditional acceptance, authors must send their replication materials to the Editorial Office (jpr@prio.org).

Replication data for articles using quantitative data

Authors of articles using quantitative data are required to facilitate the replication of their empirical analysis (including the creation of tables and figures) through the posting of:

1. The data (in the original format and preferably also in text format, e.g. csv);
2. A file containing the exact commands used in the empirical analysis (often referred to as ‘do’, ‘batch’, ‘syntax’, or ‘run’ files), which should be clearly commented and include references to all empirical claims made;
3. A codebook or any other relevant description of the variables and the dataset;
4. A file containing the actual output from the statistical software used (often referred to as ‘log’ or ‘output’);
5. Journal of Peace Research strongly recommends authors to also upload ‘readme’ document including a summary of all replication materials and a brief description of each of the files.

After conditional acceptance, the following data availability statement (or some appropriate variation) should be included in the manuscript immediately following the main text and before the list of references:

The dataset, codebook, and do-files for the empirical analysis in this article, along with the Online Appendix, are available at https://www.prio.org/jpr/datasets/ [the author’s own URL may be included in addition]. All analyses were conducted using [statistical program].

Research transparency documentation for qualitative data

Authors of articles using qualitative data are asked to include a description of the data collection, ethics, and analysis in the article itself, and to provide an Online Appendix with additional documentation, such as interview guides and more details about the conditions of the data collection procedures and analysis to increase research transparency. When permissible from an ethical and legal perspective, authors are also encouraged to create an online archive of the interview transcript, oral histories, or other materials used for the research that are otherwise difficult to obtain. Please see Jacobs, Büthe, Arjona, et al. (2021) for practical guidance on data transparency and ethical considerations when conducting qualitative research.

Following conditional acceptance, the following data availability statement (or some appropriate variation) should be included in the manuscript immediately following the main text and before the list of references:

The Online Appendix, which includes additional information regarding the data collection procedures, ethical considerations, and interview documentation, is available at https://www.prio.org/jpr/datasets/ [and at the author’s own URL].

Following conditional acceptance, authors must send their materials to the Editorial Office at jpr@prio.org.

Declaration of AI usage

Authors that use generative AI such as ChatGPT or LLMs must disclose this to the Editorial Office upon submission as well as in the methods or acknowledgements sections, as appropriate. This includes, for example, using generative AI to write an abstract, produce figures, or for parts of the data analysis and coding. Assistive AI tools that help to improve language, grammar and sentence structure do not require disclosure by authors. Authors are fully responsible for the content of their manuscript, even those parts produced by an AI tool, and are thus liable for any breach of publication ethics. Should the Editors become aware that (generative) AI was inappropriately used in preparations without adequate disclosure, the Editors reserve the right to reject the submission at any time during the publishing process. For further details, please see Sage’s policy on the use of AI tools.

Biographical statement

A bibliographical statement must be included after conditional acceptance. It should appear immediately after the list of references, and all co-authors should provide separate biographies.

The bibliographies should be brief and include:

1. Full name;
2. Year of birth (NOT MANDATORY);
3. Highest academic degree and field of the degree (Economics, Political Science, etc.), the year this was achieved, and the institution where this was obtained;
4. Current position and institutional affiliation, and the start year of current position;
5. Authors may also indicate their present main research interest or recent authored or edited books as well as other institutional affiliations which have occupied a major portion of their professional lives.

MARIANNE DAHL, b. 1983, PhD in Political Science (Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences – NTNU, 2017); Senior Researcher, PRIO (2017-) and Deputy Editor, Journal of Peace Research (2017– ); research interests: nonviolence, civil war theory, post-conflict stability, political economy and statistical modeling.

6. Publication and research ethics

Previously published material

You should only submit your manuscript(s) to the Journal if:

• It is original work by you and your co-author(s).
• It is not under consideration, in peer review, or accepted for publication in any other publication.
• It has not been published in any other publication.
• It contains nothing abusive, defamatory, derogatory, obscene, fraudulent, or illegal.

The submitting author must disclose in their cover letter and provide copies of all related or similar preprints, dissertations, manuscripts, published papers, and reports by the same authors (i.e., those containing substantially similar content or using the same, similar, or a subset of data) that have been previously published or posted electronically or are under consideration elsewhere at the time of manuscript submission. You must also provide a concise explanation of how the submitted manuscript differs from these related manuscripts and papers. All related previously published papers should be cited as references and described in the submitted manuscript.

The Journal does not discourage you from presenting your findings at conferences or scientific meetings but recommends that you refrain from distributing complete copies of your manuscripts, which might later be published elsewhere without your knowledge.

For previously published materials including tables and figures, please see the Reusing the copy-righted materials section (see below).

Preprints

As an author, you retain the right to make an Author’s Original Version (preprint) available through various channels and this does not prevent submission to the Journal. If accepted, you are required to update the status of any preprint, including adding your published paper’s DOI. For full details on allowed channels and updating your preprint, please see our Author self-archiving policy.

Reusing copyrighted material

As an author, you must obtain permission for any material used within your manuscript for which you are not the rightsholder, including quotations, tables, figures, images, data, or software. In seeking permissions for published materials, first contact the publisher rather than the author. For unpublished materials, start by contacting the creator. Copies of each grant of permission should be provided to the editorial office of the Journal. The permissions agreement must include the following:

• Nonexclusive rights to reproduce the material in your paper in Journal of Peace Research
• Rights for use in print and electronic format at a minimum, and preferably for use in any form or medium
• Lifetime rights to use the material
• Worldwide English-language rights

If you have chosen to publish under an open access licence but have not obtained open access re-use permissions for third-party material contained within the manuscript, this must be stated clearly by supplying a credit line alongside the material with the following information:

• Title of content
• Author, Original publication, year of original publication, by permission of [rightsholder]
• This image/content is not covered by the terms of the Creative Commons licence of this publication. For permission to reuse, please contact the rights holder.

Misconduct

Authors should observe high standards with respect to research integrity and publication ethics as set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Falsification or fabrication of data including inappropriate image manipulation, plagiarism, including duplicate publication of the author's own work without proper citation, and misappropriation of work are all unacceptable practices. Allegations of ethical misconduct, both directly and through social media, are treated seriously and will be investigated in accordance with the relevant COPE guidance. If misconduct has been established beyond reasonable doubt, this may result in one or more of the following outcomes, among others:

• If a submitted manuscript is still under consideration, it may be rejected and returned to the author.
• If a paper has already been published online, depending on the nature and severity of the infraction, either a correction notice will be published and linked to the paper, or retraction of the paper will occur, following the COPE Retraction Guidelines.
• The relevant party’s institution(s) and/or other journals may be informed.

Manuscripts submitted to the Journal may be screened with plagiarism-detection software. Any manuscript may be screened, especially if there is reason to suppose that part or all of the manuscript has been previously published.

COPE defines plagiarism as: “when somebody presents the work of others (data, words or theories) as if they were their own and without proper acknowledgment.” COPE defines redundant/overlapping publication as: “when a published work (or substantial sections from a published work) is/are published more than once (in the same or another language) without adequate acknowledgment of the source/cross-referencing/justification, or

when the same (or substantially overlapping) data is presented in more than one publication without adequate cross-referencing/justification, particularly when this is done in such a way that reviewers/readers are unlikely to realise that most or all the findings have been published before.” COPE defines citation manipulation as: “behaviours intended to inflate citation counts for personal gain, such as: excessive self-citation of an authors’ own work, excessive citation to the journal publishing the citing article, and excessive citation between journals in a coordinated manner.”

Data fabrication is defined as intentionally creating fake data or misrepresenting research results. An example includes making up data sets.

Data falsification is defined as manipulating research data with the purpose of intentionally giving a false representation. This can apply to images, research materials, equipment, or processes. Examples include cropping of gels/images to change context and omission of selected data. If notified of a potential breach of research misconduct or publication ethics, the Journal editor and editorial office staff may inform the publisher and/or the author’s institutional affiliation(s).

Ethical research

The Journal follows Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines on ethical oversight. We take research integrity seriously, and all research published in the Journal must have been conducted in a fair and ethical manner. Wherever appropriate, the Journal requires that all research be done according to international and local guidelines. Human participants

When reporting on human subjects, especially in vulnerable and/or conflict situations, authors should discuss the ethical considerations of their research and declare what ethical approval they have received, where applicable. Where ethical approval is not required or where a study has been granted an exemption by an ethics committee, this should be stated within the manuscript with a full explanation. Otherwise, manuscripts must include a statement in the Methods section that the research was performed after approval by a local ethics committee, institutional review board and/or local licensing committee, or that such approval was not required. The name of the authorizing body and any reference/permit numbers (where available) should also be stated there. Please be prepared to provide further information to the editorial office upon request. Any identifying information can be added to the title page, which will not be shared with the reviewers.

7. Publication process, duties and permissions

Authorship changes

After manuscript submission, no authorship changes (including the authorship list, author order, and who is designated as the corresponding author) should be made unless there is a substantive reason to do so. The editor and all co-authors must agree on the change(s), and neither the Journal nor the publisher mediates authorship disputes. If individuals cannot agree on the authorship of a submitted manuscript, contact the editorial office at jpr@prio.org. The dispute must be resolved among the individuals and their institution(s) before the manuscript can be accepted for publication. If an authorship dispute or change arises after a paper is accepted, contact the editorial office and the publisher's Author Support team. COPE provides guidance for authors on resolving authorship disputes.

After submission, changing who is designated as the corresponding author will be permitted only where there is a substantive reason to do so. For the avoidance of doubt, changing the corresponding author in order to access Read and Publish funding is not permissible.

Corresponding and submitting authors

The submitting and corresponding authors may be the same person or different people. The submitting author is responsible for submitting the manuscript and communicating with the Journal during the peer review process. Corresponding author duties include:

• Signing the publishing agreement
• Sending the replication material to the Editorial Office after conditional acceptance
• Approving the final proof before publication
• Arranging payment for any charges due
• Communicating after the paper has been accepted during the production process
• Answering queries about the paper after publication

You must designate a corresponding author in the submission system and in the author list of the manuscript.

The submitting author may choose to assign a different person as corresponding author on the “Authors & Institutions” page in the submission system.

ORCiD

Authors are encouraged to provide their ORCID iDs (Open Researcher and Contributor IDs) at submission and take advantage of the benefits of participating in ORCID. If you do not already have an ORCID iD, you can register for free via the ORCID website.

As ORCID identifiers are collected, they are included in papers and displayed online, both in the HTML and PDF versions of the publication, in compliance with recommended practice issued by ORCID. ORCID functionality online allows users to link to the ORCID website to view an author’s profile and list of publications. ORCID iDs are displayed on web pages and are sent downstream to third parties in data feeds, where supported.

If you have registered with ORCID, you can associate your ORCID iD with your submission system account by going to your account details, entering your ORCID iD, and validating your details. Learn more about ORCID and how to link it to your account.