Civic duties in the pandemic: An analysis of citizen responses to COVID-19 measures in Norway, France, and the UK

What lessons can we draw from the COVID-19 pandemic regarding how citizens and states interact during ­crises in society? What forms of response are needed and how can political obligations best be managed in such a context? A future pandemic response or other whole-of-society emergency will require enhanced coordination, capacity and awareness of the social dimensions of public interventions, such as stay-at-home orders. But what of the perspective of citizens themselves when they are asked to ‘do their duty’? And how do their responses vary across different geographical and political contexts? This policy brief analyses citizen responses to COVID-19 measures in Norway, France and the United Kingdom.